Mood disorders are a group of mental health conditions that primarily affect a person’s emotional state. These disorders can cause prolonged periods of excessive happiness, sadness, or fluctuations between the two. They significantly impact daily functioning and quality of life. Common mood disorders include:

• Depression: This is marked by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a lack of interest in activities once enjoyed. Physical symptoms can include changes in appetite, sleep disturbances, and fatigue.
• Bipolar Disorder: Characterized by extreme mood swings ranging from depressive lows to manic highs. During manic episodes, individuals may feel euphoric, overly energetic, or irritable.
• Cyclothymic Disorder: A milder form of bipolar disorder, involving chronic fluctuating moods with hypomanic and depressive symptoms that are less severe.